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|influences = |website = }} Yaşar Kemal (born Kemal Sadık Gökçeli;〔 6 October 1923 – 28 February 2015) was one of Turkey's leading writers. He received 38 awards during his lifetime and had been a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature on the strength of ''Memed, My Hawk''.〔http://www.yasarkemal.net/eng/awards/index.html〕 An outspoken intellectual, he often did not hesitate to speak on sensitive issues. His activism resulted in a twenty-month suspended jail sentence, on charges of advocating Kurdish separatism. ==Life== Of Kurdish origin, Kemal was born to Sadık and his wife Halime on 6 October 1923 in Hemite (now Gökçedam),〔http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/mar/01/yasar-kemal〕〔 a hamlet in the province of Osmaniye in southern Turkey. His parents were from Van and came into Çukurova during the First World War. Kemal had a difficult childhood because he lost his right eye due to a knife accident, when his father was slaughtering a sheep on Eid al-Adha, and had to witness as his father was stabbed to death by his adoptive son Yusuf while praying in a mosque when he was five years old.〔 This traumatic experience left Kemal with a speech impediment, which lasted until he was twelve years old. At nine he started school in a neighboring village and continued his formal education in Kadirli, Osmaniye Province.〔 Kemal was a locally noted bard before he started school, but was unappreciated by his widowed mother until he composed an elegy on the death of one of her eight brothers, all of whom were bandits. However, he forgot it and became interested in writing as a means to record his work when he questioned an itinerant peddler, who was doing his accounts. Ultimately, his village paid his way to university in Istanbul.〔 He worked for a while for rich farmers, guarding their river water against other farmers' unauthorized irrigation. However, instead he taught the poor farmers how to steal the water undetected, by taking it at night.〔 Later he worked as a letter-writer, then as a journalist, and finally as a novelist. He said that the Turkish police took his first two novels.〔 When Kemal was visiting Akdamar Island in 1951, he saw the island's Holy Cross Church being destroyed. Using his contacts to the public, he helped stop the destruction. (The church was restored from 2005, by the Turkish government.)〔(Asbarez, 1 October 2010: The Mass at Akhtamar, and What’s Next )〕 In 1962 Kemal joined the Workers Party of Turkey and "served as one of its leaders until quitting after the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968".〔(Yasar Kemal, Master Turkish Novelist and Strident Political Critic, Is Dead )〕 In 2005 Kemal wrote a new introduction to the book "Memed, My Hawk" wherein he prognosticated that "...confronted with the massacre of nature, that great scourge of our age, we will create myths of fear as our ancestors did".〔Memed, My Hawk, p.xii, The New York Review of Books, Yaşar Kemal〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yaşar Kemal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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